We apply the Stephenson's Cultural Values Model to assess the biocultural complexity of 110 ancient wood-pastures across Transylvania, Romania, a unique region of Eastern Europe, where traditional land-use systems persist amidst accelerating institutional and economic change. Autors: Alexandru Sabin Bădărău, Mihai Pop, Imola Püsök, Dacinia Crina Petrescu, Ruxandra Malina Petrescu-Mag, Cristian Maloș, Kinga-Olga Réti, László Csákány, László Rákosy, Till Wagener, Noémi Antal, Viorel Arghiuș, Mihaela Spac, Andreea Nita, Frank Wagener, Laura Bouriaud, Tibor Hartel